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Pug (steam locomotive)
'Pug' locomotives are small steam locomotives which were produced for light shunting and industrial work, often on dockyards and factory sites, such as steelworks, collieries, etc. The Pugs are named after a common term in Scotland for a small industrial shunting locomotive – typically an 0-4-0 tank. ‘Pug’ was a dialect word meaning ‘monkey’ inferring an ugly appearance.〔(LNWR Locomotive classes )〕〔(Scots Dictionary )〕 Another suggestion is that the locomotive type is named after the small sturdy 'Pug' dog, an ancient and well known breed with a snub nose, wrinkled face, and squarish body.〔(Definition of the word Pug. )〕 Many were saddle tanks, with the water tank sitting on top of the boiler like a saddle.
==Examples==
Many locomotive manufacturers produced Pug type locomotives〔(An 1885 Neilson & Co Pug. )〕 mainly for shunting work and for use on industrial sites with tight curves for which 0-6-0 locomotives were less well suited, despite their greater tractive effort capabilities. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway L&YR Class 21 were nicknamed 'Pugs' and the Caledonian Railway built a class of 0-4-0 Pugs.
A typical example is illustrated by the makers plate of number 1821, an 0-4-0 steam locomotive ordered from Andrew Barclay Sons & Co. on 12/02/1924 by the Caprington and Auchlochan Collieries Ltd. The locomotive was delivered to the customer in 1925 and mainly worked at Mauchline Colliery number 7 pit in Ayrshire, before ending its days at the nearby Barony Colliery.
Pugs were used Worldwide, such as the metre gauge Black Hawthorn, an 0-4-0ST locomotive that was imported into India in 1873 for an irrigation project and shunted at Ajmer for several years in the later part of its working life. It can now be seen plinthed outside the Ajmer works.〔(Metre Gauge Pugs )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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